How to Get a Car to Start in the Cold

Будущее время с Will / Shall 1 (Future simple)

A

Мы используем I'll (= I will), когда мы решили что-нибудь сделать в момент речи:

• Oh, I've left the door open. I'll go and shut it.
• 'What would you like to drink?' 'I'll have an orange juice, please.'
• 'Did you phone Lucy?' 'Oh no, I forgot. I'll phone her now.'

Вы не можете использовать present simple (I do / I go и др.) в этих предложениях:

• I'll go and shut the door. (not I go and shut)

Мы часто используем I think I'll ... и I don't think I'll ... :

• I feel a bit hungry. I think I'll have something to eat.
• I don't think I'll go out tonight. I'm too tired.

В разговорном английском отрицанием will обычно является won't (= will not):

• I can see you're busy, so I won't stay long.

B

Не используйте will, когда вы говорите о том, что уже решили или запланировали сделать (см. уроки 19, 20):

• I'm going on holiday next Saturday. (not I'll go)
• Are you working tomorrow? (not Will you work)

C

Мы часто используем will в следующих ситуациях:

Предлагая что-нибудь сделать

• That bag looks heavy. I'll help you with it. (not I help)

Соглашаясь что-нибудь сделать

• A: Can you give Tim this book?
  B: Sure, I'll give it to him when I see him this afternoon.

Обещая что-нибудь сделать

• Thanks for lending me the money. I'll pay you back on Friday.
• I won't tell anyone what happened. I promise.

Спрашивая кого-нибудь сделать что-нибудь (Will you ... ?)

• Will you please turn the stereo down? I'm trying to concentrate.

Вы можете использовать won't, когда кто-то отказывается что-то сделать:

• I've tried to give her advice, but she won't listen. (по-русски: не слушает; по-английски: не будет слушать)
• The car won't start. (= машина 'отказывается' заводиться)

Shall I ... ? Shall we ... ?

Чаще всего shall используется в вопросах shall I ... ? / shall we ... ?

Мы используем shall I ... ? / shall we ... ? чтобы спросить чье-либо мнение, особенно о предложениях (offers или suggestions):

• Shall I open the window? (= Мне открыть окно? = Вы хотите, чтобы я открыл окно? offer)
• I've got no money. What shall I do? (= Что мне делать? = Что вы предлагаете? (мне делать) suggestion)
• 'Shall we go?' 'Just a minute. I'm not ready yet.'
• Where shall we go this evening?

Сравните shall I ... ? и will you ... ?:

• Shall I shut the door? (= Мне закрыть дверь? = Вы хотите, чтобы я закрыл дверь?)
• Will you shut the door? (= Вы закроете дверь? = Я хочу, чтобы Вы закрыли дверь.)

Продолжение в следующем уроке.

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения с I'll + подходящий глагол.

1. I'm too tired to walk home. I think a taxi.
2. 'It's cold in this room.' 'Is it? on the heating then.'
3. A: We haven't got any milk.
   B: Oh, I forgot to buy some. and get some now.
4. 'Shall I do the washing-up?' 'No, it's all right. it later.'
5. 'I don't know how to use this computer.' 'OK, you.'
6. 'Would you like tea or coffee?' ' coffee, please.'
7. 'Goodbye! Have a nice holiday.' 'Thanks. you a postcard.'
8. Thanks for letting me borrow your camera. it back to you on Monday, OK?
9. 'Are you coming with us?' 'No, I think here.'

2. Прочитайте ситуации и напишите предложения с I think I'll ... или I don't think I'll ... .

1. It's a bit cold. The window is open and you decide to close it. You say:
   
2. You are feeling tired and it's getting late. You decide to go to bed. You say:
   
3. A friend of yours offers you a lift in his car, but you decide to walk. You say:
   
4. You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don't want to play. You say:
   
5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don't want to go. You say:
   

3. Отметьте галочкой правильный вариант. (Если необходимо, повторите уроки 19, 20)

1. 'Did you phone Lucy?' 'Oh no, I forgot. I phone / I'll phone her now.' (I'll phone is correct)
2. I can't meet you tomorrow. I'm playing / I'll play tennis. (I'm playing is correct)
3. I meet / I'll meet you outside the hotel in half an hour, OK?' 'Yes, that's fine.'
4. 'I need some money." 'OK, I'm lending / I'll lend you some. How much do you need?'
5. I'm having / I'll have a party next Saturday. I hope you can come.
6. 'Remember to get a newspaper when you go out.' 'OK. I don't forget / I won't forget.'
7. What time does your train leave / will your train leave tomorrow?
8. I asked Sue what happened, but she doesn't tell / won't tell me.
9. ' Are you doing / Will you do anything tomorrow evening?' 'No, I'm free. Why?'
10. I don't want to go out alone. Do you come / Will you come with me?

4. Чтобы бы вы сказали в этих ситуациях? Напишите предложения с shall I ... ? или shall we ... ?

1. You and a friend want to do something this evening, but you don't know what. You ask your friend.
   
2. You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. You ask a friend for advice. it?
3. It's Helen's birthday next week. You want to give her a present, but you don't know what. You ask a friend for advice.
   
4. You and a friend are going on holiday together, but you haven't decided where. You ask him/her.
   
5. You and a friend are going out. You haven't decided whether to go by car or to walk. You ask him/her. (здесь 2 формы ниже, но предложение одно)
   
6. Your friend wants you to phone later. You don't know what time to phone. You ask him/her.
   

How to Get a Car to Start in the Cold

Source: https://lingust.ru/english/grammar/lesson21

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